Story of the S.P.Ort
(Semilunar Pulley Orthosis)
Development and Impact the S.P.Ort
1994
1995
2000
2002
2016
2018
2024
Dr. Warme sustains his first pulley injury as an orthopaedic surgery resident. This prompts his interest in "climber's finger" and other pulley injuries.
As a sports medicine fellow, Dr. Warme begins researching the effectiveness of circumferential taping.
Research study concludes that tape alone will not sufficiently support an injured pulley. The Climbing Doc begins prototype development of a rigid splint.
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Warme WJ., Brooks D.; The Effect of Circumferential Taping on Flexor Pulley Failure in Rock Climbers. American Journal of Sports Medicine, 28(5): 674-678, Sep-Oct 2000.
Dr. Warme sustains his second pulley injury, prompting a refining of his splint prototypes.
The first generation S.P.Ort splint is born, after years of testing on his own fingers and helping other climbers with pulley injuries.
University of Washington research study on the effectiveness of the S.P.Ort splint begins.
S.P.Ort research published by the University of Washington. RocknSport launched and began selling the S.P.Ort online and in local Seattle-area gyms.
Bellevue, KD, Allan, CH, Warme, WJ. The Novel Semilunar Pulley Orthosis (SPOrt) Decreases Flexor Tendon-Phalanx Distance in Climbers with Chronic A2 Pulley Ruptures. University of Washington Department of Orthopaedics and Sports Medicine Research Report, Discoveries 2018.
The S.P.Ort has helped thousands of climbers worldwide heal their pulleys and get back to the sport they love!
Evolution of the S.P.Ort
The S.P.Ort has been in the development process for over 30 years, dating back to my orthopaedic surgery residency when I became interested in “climber’s finger” or pulley injuries. It is exciting to see it finally reach the place that the S.P.Ort is helping the climbing community!
I began climbing at the Gunks at the age of 13 and was immediately hooked. I later sustained a middle finger pulley injury in my mid-twenties climbing in Leavenworth, WA dynamically moving off a crimp. At that time, I had no idea how to treat myself and attempted buddy taping the middle to the adjacent ring finger and returned to climbing as soon as the pain abated.
As a sports medicine fellow, I conducted a research project to see if circumferential taping of the base of fingers in cadavers would increase the force required to rupture the pulleys, and I could not detect a significant difference [1]. Subsequent investigators have found tape alone provides little benefit [2]. While commonly done, even H-taping is minimally effective [3]. It stretches with use and needs to be re-applied after each route or boulder problem. Further biomechanical cadaveric testing by Dr. Deana Mercer and her research team at the University of New Mexico was not able to show a significant effect with H-taping [4].
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The reason tape alone will never work to support an internal ligamentous structure, or a pulley is that tape cannot hold its shape and will change from a ring to an oval immediately when stressed. This was clear to me after my time in the lab, and after reading other investigators’ work, as noted above. While a ton of tape is used to “support” wrist and ankle injuries in football, gymnastics and other sports, the ability to support the underlying biologic structures has not been shown biomechanically. Much of the benefit is psychological which is OK but isn’t going to help pulleys heal when damaged or protect them from further injury!
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Warme WJ., Brooks D.; The Effect of Circumferential Taping on Flexor Pulley Failure in Rock Climbers. American Journal of Sports Medicine, 28(5): 674-678, Sep-Oct 2000.
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Schweitzer A. Biomechanical Effectiveness of Taping the A2 Pulley in Rock Climbers. Journal of Hand Surgery (British and European Volume, 2000) 25B: 1: 102±107.
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Schoffl A. et al. Impact of Taping After Finger Flexor Tendon Pulley Ruptures in Rock Climbers. Journal of Applied Biomechanics, 2007; 23:52-62.
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Salas C. et al. A Biomechanical Analysis of the H-Taping Method Used by Rock Climbers as Prophylactic or Stabilizing Fixation of Partial A2 Pulley Tears. J Hand Surg Am.2023;48(12):1272.e1-e8
Early S.P.Ort Prototypes
My early prototypes came from the tops of plastic soda bottles cut with a Swiss Army knife saw blade and filed down on the rock.
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This type of improvisation can still work in a pinch if you are on a trip and need a temporary splint - until you can make a custom S.P.Ort for your finger – which is more comfortable and designed to be worn when climbing.
I started playing around with Kevlar rings, all sorts of plastic materials with a plethora of fastening devices including Velcro and trialed them on my injured finger at the cliff and on my climbing wall, like this second prototype.
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Most were too bulky, uncomfortable, too thick, interfered with climbing, slipped, or hurt. The Velcro wore out and got stinky. Fasteners were clunky and not sturdy enough or too big. Though a LOT of trial and error, the S.P.Ort was born.
How the S.P.Ort Helps My Fingers
When customized and applied as directed in the kit instructions and video tutorials, the S.P.Ort works amazingly well. I have been treating local climbers for years for a variety of finger injuries including chronic and acute partial pulley tears, complete pulley tears, even tendonitis from overuse and the reports are very enthusiastic. Personally, with my middle finger pulley injury, which has a chronic complete A2 rupture, the S.P.Ort holds my tendons closer to the bone, where they should be, and decreases the discomfort I experience after climbing/training.
Ultrasound Evidence of S.P.Ort Effectiveness
In researching pulley injuries, and the ways to treat them, we measure the Tendon Phalanx Distance, (TPD) with ultrasound. Normal TPD is up to one millimeter, as you see below on my relatively normal right middle finger below. The pulley is thickened, (a finding commonly seen in climbers’ fingers and certainly in this finger), but it is functioning well.
This long axis ultrasound image shows a thickened but functional A2 pulley in my uninjured right middle finger, with a normal TPD of 0.92 mm, (the distance +---+).
Long axis image of my injured left middle finger and with stress the TPD is 4.19 mm; (the length from +---+); a measurement that is consistent with a chronic complete A2 pulley tear.
With the S.P.Ort taped in placed, even when stressed, the TPD is reduced to 2.69 millimeters, (+---+); it holds the tendons 36% closer to the bone, or 47% closer to the normal location.
Summary of S.P.Ort Effectiveness
I was one of the research subjects and the principal investigator in a study looking at the effectiveness of the S.P.Ort on ~ 20 rock climbers with A2 pulley injuries. As the ultrasound pictures above show, the S.P.Ort holds the tendons closer to the bone. An uninjured tendon should be within 1 mm of the bone, but mine is 4.19 mm. With the S.P.Ort taped in place, the distance reduces to 2.69 mm. This is not back to normal, but 47% better than without it. But most importantly, when I wear it for training (hangboarding, campus boarding, bouldering/gym climbing), my finger doesn’t hurt later! That matters to me and most climbers.
The theoretical benefit is that an A2 S.P.Ort may protect the other more distal pulleys, that will be seeing greater forces and are at increased risk of injury once the most important and strongest A2 pulley is injured. Similarly with an A4 injury, an A4 S.P.Ort may protect the more proximal pulleys, as it helps keep the tendon in a more anatomic (normal) location.
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It will help you recover from your injuries, and stay in the game for a long, long time!